Hebrew Streams: Grace & Peace from God the Father & the Lord Yeshua streams

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Grace and Peace (From Whom?)

Salutations and Benedictions in the New Testament

In many liturgical traditions of the post-New Testament Christian Church, greetings, blessings, and closing benedictions are offered either "to" or "in the name of" the Father, the Son, and the Holy Ghost (or Holy Spirit).

This pattern does not occur in the New Testament. Instead, the beginning and ending of most documents almost always include both God and Yeshua or Yeshua alone. Second Corinthians 13:14 is one exception, where Yeshua, God, and "the fellowship of the Holy Spirit" are mentioned.

Translation: New American Standard Bible (rev. ed. 1995) [my substitutions: "Yeshua" for "Jesus"; "Messiah" for "Christ"]

Opening Salutations
Romans 1:7
Grace to you and peace from God our Father and the Lord Yeshua Messiah.

1 Corinthians 1:3
Grace to you and peace from God our Father and the Lord Yeshua Messiah.

2 Corinthians 1:2-3
Grace to you and peace from God our Father and the Lord Yeshua Messiah. Blessed be the God and Father of our Lord Yeshua Messiah, the Father of mercies and God of all comfort.

Galatians 1:3
Grace to you and peace from God our Father and the Lord Yeshua Messiah.

Ephesians 1:2-3
Grace to you and peace from God our Father and the Lord Yeshua Messiah. Blessed be the God and Father of our Lord Yeshua Messiah, who has blessed us with every spiritual blessing in the heavenly places in Messiah.

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Philippians 1:2
Grace to you and peace from God our Father and the Lord Yeshua Messiah.

Colossians 1:2b-3
Grace to you and peace from God our Father. We give thanks to God, the Father of our Lord Yeshua Messiah, praying always for you.

1 Thessalonians 1:1
To the congregation in God the Father and the Lord Yeshua Messiah: Grace to you and peace.

2 Thessalonians 1:1-2
To the congregation of the Thessalonians in God our Father and the Lord Yeshua Messiah: Grace to you and peace from God the Father and the Lord Yeshua Messiah.

1 Timothy 1:2
To Timothy, my true child in the faith: Grace, mercy and peace from God the Father and Messiah Yeshua our Lord.

2 Timothy 1:2
To Timothy, my beloved son: Grace, mercy and peace from God the Father and Messiah Yeshua our Lord.

Titus 1:4
To Titus, my true child in a common faith: Grace and peace from God the Father and Messiah Yeshua our Savior.

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Philemon 3
Grace to you and peace from God our Father and the Lord Yeshua Messiah.

Hebrews
(none)

Jacob [James] 1:1
Jacob, a bondservant of God and of the Lord Yeshua Messiah, to the twelve tribes who are dispersed abroad: Greetings.

1 Peter 1:1-3
Blessed be the God and Father of our Lord Yeshua Messiah, who according to his great mercy has caused us to be born again to a living hope through the resurrection of Yeshua Messiah from the dead.

2 Peter 1:2
Grace and peace be multiplied to you in the knowledge of God and Yeshua our Lord.

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1 John
(none)

2 John
Grace, mercy and peace will be with us, from God the Father and from Yeshua Messiah, the Son of the Father, in truth and love.

3 John
(none)

Judah [Jude] 1-2
Judah, a bond-servant of Yeshua Messiah, and brother of Jacob [James], to those who are the called, beloved in God the Father, and kept for Yeshua Messiah: May mercy and peace and love be multiplied to you.

Revelation 1:4-6a
John to the seven churches that are in Asia: Grace to you and peace peace, from him who is and who was and who is to come, and from the seven spirits who are before his throne, and from Yeshua Messiah, the faithful witness, the firstborn of the dead, and the ruler of the kings of the earth.

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Closing Benedictions

Romans 16:27
...to the only wise God, through Yeshua Messiah, be the glory forever. Amen.

1 Corinthians 16:23
The grace of the Lord Yeshua be with you.

2 Corinthians 13:14
The grace of the Lord Yeshua Messiah, and the love of God, and the fellowship of the Holy Spirit, be with you all.

Galatians 6:18
The grace of our Lord Yeshua Messiah be with your spirit, brethren. Amen.

Ephesians 6:23-24
Peace be to the brethren and love with faith from God the Father and the Lord Yeshua Messiah. Grace be with all those who love our Lord Yeshua Messiah with incorruptible love.

Philippians 4:23
The grace of our Lord Yeshua Messiah be with your spirit.

Colossians 4:18
Grace be with you.

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1 Thessalonians 5:28
The grace of our Lord Yeshua Messiah be with you.

2 Thessalonians 3:18
The grace of our Lord Yeshua Messiah be with you.

1 Timothy 6:21
Grace be with you.

2 Timothy 4:22
The Lord be with your spirit. Grace be with you.

Titus 3:15
Grace be with you all.

Philemon 25
The grace of the Lord Yeshua Messiah be with your spirit.

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Hebrew 13:20-22
Now the God of peace, who brought up from the dead the great Shepherd of the sheep through the blood of the eternal covenant, even Yeshua our Lord, equip you in every good thing to do his will, working in us that which is pleasing in his sight, through Yeshua Messiah, to whom be the glory forever and ever. Amen.... Grace be with you all.

Jacob [James]
(none)

1 Peter 5:14
Greet one another with a kiss of love. Peace be to all who are in Messiah.

2 Peter 3:17
. . . grow in the grace and knowledge of our Lord and Savior Yeshua Messiah. To him be the glory, both now and to the day of eternity. Amen.

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1 John 5:21
Little children, guard yourselves from idols.

2 John
The children of your chosen sister greet you.

3 John
Peace be to you. The friends greet you. Greet the friends by name.

Judah [Jude] 24-25
Now to him who is able to keep you from stumbling, and to make you stand in the presence of his glory blameless with great joy, to the only God our Savior, through Yeshua Messiah our Lord, be glory, majesty, dominion and authority, before all time and now and forever. Amen.

Revelation 22:21
The grace of the Lord Yeshua be with all. Amen.

Sources:
David M. Hay, Glory at the Right Hand (Psalm 110 in Early Christianity) (Nashville: Abingdon Press, 1973)

The Greek New Testament (5th revised ed., Stuttgart: German Bible Society, 2015)

Novum Testamentum Graece (28th ed., Stuttgart: German Bible Society, 2012)

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